• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    INTRAMEDULAR PIN. It is an intramedullary device that includes an intramedullary pin (9) that extends along a longitudinal axis from a proximal end to a distal end, a proximal part of it including a cavity (14), which extends along of the longitudinal axis from an opening at the proximal end, and a locking hole (15), which crosses it transversely, in addition to a first insert (2), which is dimensioned and molded for introduction into the cavity along its longitudinal axis and includes a transverse hole (20) that aligns with the locking hole, and a second insert (3), which engages the internal surface of the cavity proximally to the first insert in order to keep it inside the cavity and includes a central hole (30) that crosses it longitudinally to be coupled to an insertion instrument.
    公开号:BR112012033413B1
    申请号:R112012033413-1
    申请日:2011-05-02
    公开日:2020-06-23
    发明作者:Tom Overes；Tom Over Es
    申请人:Synthes Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Priority claim
    This application claims priority to the United States provisional application for serial number 61 / 362,937, filed on July 9, 2010 and entitled "Intramedullary Nail", the disclosure of which is incorporated into this document by reference in its entirety. Field of invention
    In general terms, the present invention relates to an intramedullary pin for fixing fractured bones and, more specifically, an intramedullary pin 10 comprising a connecting structure with an insertion instrument and an insert for securely fixing screws. locking on the intramedullary pin. Background of the invention
    Intramedullary pins are often used as bone fixation devices for osteosynthetic purposes. Generally, such intramedullary pins include locking screws inserted transversely through the intramedullary pin either to stabilize it in the bone or to fix individual bone fragments. Such intramedullary pins allow to insert several locking screws through them at different angles in relation to each other. Generally, the 20 bone screws are fixed to the intramedullary pin by means of a ring or plastic bushing, thus preventing the screws from leaving the intramedullary pin due to micro movements or other loads. In order to fix these screws on the intramedullary pin, they are usually fitted by pressure and a forced screwing of the screw on the bushing. Other fixation features include metal interfaces capable of mechanically deforming and / or allowing forced tapping on the metal. These bushings must be made of biocompatible material. However, the availability of this type of material is limited. One such plastic material available is Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), which is an approved material for implantation worldwide. Although the biocompatibility of this material is ideal, it is difficult to process it with the necessary precision using conventional processing and molding techniques.
    As an example of an intramedullary locking pin that includes transverse locking holes and an insert for fixing the locking screws in said locking holes, we can cite that described in the Patent
    EP No. B 0 306 709 in the name of DAUERER. This known intramedullary pin comprises a proximal insert and a distal insert with transverse holes of a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the locking screws in order to keep these in the locking holes of the intramedullary pin. The insert is slidably inserted into the central cavity of the intramedullary pin. This known intramedullary pin, however, does not comprise a connecting structure at the proximal end for fixing an insertion instrument thereon.
    A problem with the intramedullary pins described above involves the connection mechanism with an introducing handle or guidance device generally positioned at the proximal end of commonly used intramedullary pins, as the insert must have a small outside diameter so that 10 can be inserted through the central opening of the connection mechanism.
    Therefore, the need for an improved intramedullary pin persists for the rigid fixation between the pin and the bone that includes a connection mechanism with a surgical instrument and an insert, which allows the locking screws to be firmly fixed in the locking holes of the intramedullary pin. Summary of the invention
    The present invention relates to an intramedullary pin with a connection mechanism with an insertion instrument and an insert with transverse holes adapted and configured to firmly fix locking screws on the intramedullary pin.
    According to the present invention, an intramedullary pin extends along a longitudinal axis from a proximal end to a distal end, the pin comprising a cavity, which extends along the longitudinal axis from an opening in the end proximal, and a first locking hole, which crosses the pin transversely and is sized and shaped to receive a locking screw through it, in addition to a first insert, which is sized and molded for introduction into the cavity and includes a first transverse hole positioned so that, when the insert is in the desired position within the cavity, the first hole aligns with the first locking hole so that a locking screw inserted through the first locking hole goes through the insert through the first hole, and a second insert, which is sized and shaped to be received in a locked way in the cavity proximally to the insert in order to draw change it to the desired position in the cavity.
    Some advantages of the intramedullary pin according to the invention are that the insert does not need to be assembled through a connection mechanism, for example, an internal thread at the proximal end of the intramedullary pin, and therefore, it can have a larger diameter. In addition, due to the larger diameter, it is possible to manufacture the insert with Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) using conventional processing and molding techniques. In addition, thanks to the larger diameter of the insert, it is possible to fix the locking screws firmly in the transverse holes of the insert and, therefore, in the 5 locking holes of the intramedullary pin.
    In an exemplary embodiment of the intramedullary pin, the first insert has an outer diameter D, while the central hole of the second insert has an inner diameter d, the outer diameter D being greater than the inner diameter d of the central hole d of the second insert. .
    In an exemplary embodiment of the intramedullary pin, the first insert is made of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE). Preferably, the second insert and the intramedullary pin are made of TAN.
    In another exemplary embodiment of the intramedullary pin, the first insert has an anti-rotation mechanism to prevent its rotation within the cavity in the intramedullary pin. Thanks to the anti-rotation mechanism, the first insert remains in a position that is rotationally fixed in relation to the intramedullary pin, thus allowing the transverse holes in the first insert to align with the locking holes in the proximal part of the intramedullary pin.
    In yet another exemplary embodiment of the intramedullary pin 20, the first insert has more than one transverse hole.
    In a further exemplary embodiment of the intramedullary pin, at least two transverse holes in the first insert extend in different directions.
    In another additional exemplary embodiment of the pin, the second insert is fixed in the cavity of the pin by means of one or more laser welds. Preferably, the laser weld is a circumferential weld. Alternatively, laser welds are two small laser longitudinal welds. In addition, the second insert can be fixed in the intramedullary pin cavity by means of an external thread or by pressure fitting.
    In another exemplary embodiment, the first insert is cylindrical.
    According to another aspect of the present invention, a unit is proposed which comprises an intramedullary pin and one or more locking screws, in which these have a larger diameter than the transverse holes in the first insert.
    In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a method is proposed for assembling the intramedullary pin according to the invention, which comprises the steps of: inserting a first insert into the cavity of an intramedullary pin, the intramedullary pin extending to the along a longitudinal axis of 5 an end proximal to a distal end and including a first locking hole, which traverses the pin transversely and is sized and shaped to receive a locking screw through it, the cavity extending along from the longitudinal axis from an opening at the proximal end, the insert including a first transverse hole positioned so that, when the insert 10 is in the desired position within the cavity, the first hole aligns with the first locking screw; and inserting a second insert in the cavity of the intramedullary pin, the second insert being dimensioned and molded to be received in a locked way in the cavity next to the insert in order to lock it in the desired position in the cavity. Brief description of the drawings
    A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described after the example guide and with reference to the accompanying drawings, including:
    figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the intramedullary pin according to the present invention; figure 2 shows an exploded longitudinal section view of the embodiment of the intramedullary pin of figure 1; figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of the embodiment of the intramedullary pin of figure 1 in the assembled condition; figure 4 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of the intramedullary pin of figure 1 in the assembled condition; and figure 5 shows an exploded side view of the embodiment of the intramedullary pin of figure 1. Detailed Description
    The present invention will be better understood by reading the description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are indicated by like reference numbers. In general terms, the present invention relates to an intramedullary pin for fixing fractured bones and, more specifically, an intramedullary pin comprising a connection structure for an insertion instrument and an insert for securely fixing locking screws in him. It is also worth noting that the terms "proximal" and "distal", as used in this document, refer to the directions near (proximal) and away (distal) from the user of the intramedullary pin.
    As figures 1 to 5 illustrate, an intramedullary pin 1 extends along a longitudinal axis 11 from a proximal end 13 to a distal end and includes a cavity 14, which passes through a proximal part 12 thereof. The intramedullary pin 1 further comprises inserts first 2 and second 3 to be inserted into the cavity 14. The intramedullary pin 1 includes the proximal part 12 and a distal part 9, the proximal part 12 including the cavity 14 that runs through it longitudinally and several holes locking 15 to receive locking screws that traverse it transversely. The first insert 2 is inserted into the cavity 14, while the second insert 3 is inserted into the cavity 14 approximately in relation to the first 2. The cavity 14 extends coaxially to the longitudinal axis 11 and opens at the proximal end 13. A cavity 14 may include a larger diameter portion at the proximal end 13, which includes an internal thread 19, which extends around it, to engage the second insert 3. Furthermore, cavity 14 may also include a retraction that forms an axial stop 16 to prevent the first insert 2 from moving distally beyond it towards the distal part 9 of the intramedullary pin 1. The various locking holes 15 pass through the proximal part 12 of the intramedullary pin 1 transversely to the longitudinal axis 11. Each of the locking holes 15 has an orifice axis 17 and is positioned in such a way that the orifice axis 17 of each one orthogonally cuts the longitudinal axis 11 of the intramedullary pin 1. In addition, the orifices locking holes 15 are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis 11 of the intramedullary pin 1. The locking holes 15 are positioned in such a way that the orifice axes of the four locking holes 15 extend at a certain angle relative to each other to the others when viewed in section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 11 of the intramedullary pin 1. In a preferred embodiment, the intramedullary pin 1 includes four locking holes 15. Those skilled in the art will realize, however, that the intramedullary pin 1 can include any number locking holes 15.
    The first insert 2 can have a cylindrical body 27, which extends along a central axis 24 from a proximal end 21 to a distal end 22. The first insert 2 includes an eccentric nose 25 at the distal end 22. The first insert 2 is positioned coaxially in cavity 14
    and includes several transverse holes 20 that traverse it transversely, each with a hole axis 26. The transverse holes 20 are arranged in such a way
    that the bore axes 26 extend orthogonally to the central axis 24, be equally spaced and extend at equal angles to each other in a manner corresponding to the position of the locking holes 15 in the proximal part 12 of the intramedullary pin 1. Being thus, when inserted in the cavity 14, the transverse holes 20 of the first insert 2 precisely align with the locking holes 15 in the proximal part 12 of the intramedullary pin 1.
    As shown in figure 3, the eccentric nose 25 engages an eccentric part of complementary shape 10 in the cavity 14 when inserting the first insert 2 in the cavity 14. Therefore, the eccentric nose 25 and the eccentric part 10 form a mechanism anti-rotation 6 that prevents the first insert 2 from rotating in relation to the cavity 14 of the intramedullary pin 1. The cylindrical body 27 of the first insert 2 can also include a stop face 23 proximal to the eccentric nose 25 to make contact with the axial stop 16 in the cavity 14 of the intramedullary pin 1 when inserting the first insert 2 completely into the cavity 14. The second insert 3 can also be 15 cylindrical, including a central hole 30. The second insert 3 is fixedly positioned in the cavity 14 coaxially and proximally to the first insert 2. The second insert 3 can have an internal thread 31, along the inner surface of the central hole 30, and an external thread 32, along its outer surface, which coincides with the internal thread 19 of the larger diameter part of cavity 14 in such a way that it is possible to screw the second insert 3 into the cavity 14. The cavity 14 also includes a shoulder 18 within it, which is distal to most, thus making the second insert 3 contacts the shoulder 18 and is unable to move distally beyond this further into the cavity 14.
    The first insert 2 with an eccentric nose within 25 has been described.
    However, those skilled in the art will realize that other nose configurations are also possible. For example, the nose could be concentric, but with a flattened edge, providing the anti-rotational mechanism with an eccentric part of complementary shape in the cavity. In another example, the nose could include two or more complementary edges with rotational symmetry, for example, on the order of 2.
    As shown in figure 2, the part of the cavity 14 that receives the first insert 2, and which is axially bounded by the axial stop 16 and the shoulder 18, has a length L slightly longer than the length 12 of the cylindrical body 27 of the first insert 2. The central hole 30 of the second insert 3 can act as a fixing structure for coupling an insertion instrument, such as, for example, an insertion handle and a guiding device, to the intramedullary pin 1.
    The first insert 2 has an outer diameter D and the central hole 30 has an inner diameter d, the outer diameter D of the insert 2 being larger than the inner diameter d of the central hole 30 of the second insert 3. Therefore, since the first insert 2 is inserted completely into the cavity 14, it is not possible to move it after inserting the second insert 3, but, instead, the second insert 30 keeps 5 in the cavity 14.
    As figures 4 and 5 illustrate, the second insert 3 is fixed in the cavity 14 of the intramedullary pin 1 by means of a laser longitudinal weld 5, which can be positioned in a quadrilong opening 28 that crosses a wall of the proximal part 12 of the intramedullary pin 1. In an exemplary embodiment, the intramedullary pin 1 includes two longitudinal laser welds 5 and two quadrilong openings 28 axially disposed between the shoulder 18 in the cavity 14 and the proximal end 13 of the intramedullary pin 1. In addition, the two openings quadrilongas 28 have a longitudinal axis that extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 1 1 of the intramedullary pin 1 and, when viewed in section orthogonal to the axis
    longitudinal 11, are arranged at a certain angle in relation to each other. In another embodiment, the second insert 3 can be welded, for example, in circumference, to the cavity 14 at the proximal end 13 of the intramedullary pin 1 between an external surface of the second insert 3 and the interior of the largest diameter part at the proximal end 13 which receives the second insert 3.
    In addition, the transverse holes 20 in the first insert 2 are smaller in diameter than the locking screws (not shown) used to lock the intramedullary pin 1 in the bone. Therefore, the thread of the locking screw cuts the wall that delimits the respective cross-hole 20 so that the locking screws are fixed, without risk of loosening, in the cross-holes 20 and, for
    therefore, in the locking holes 15 of the intramedullary pin 1, thus obtaining a rigid fixation of the locking screws in the intramedullary pin 1.
    Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that it is possible to carry out various changes, substitutions and alterations to it without departing from its scope or essence as defined in the attached claims. Furthermore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to specific embodiments of the processes, machines, fabrications, compositions of matter, means, methods and steps described in this specification. As those skilled in the art will readily perceive by reading the disclosure of the present invention, the processes, machines, fabrications, compositions of matter, means, methods or steps existing today or developed in the future that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described in this document can be used in accordance with the present invention.
    Those skilled in the art will realize that it is possible to carry out various modifications and changes to the present invention without departing from the broad scope of the appended claims. Some of these modifications and changes have been discussed above and others will appear to those skilled in the art.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    Intramedullary pin (1) extending along a longitudinal axis (11) from a proximal end (13) to a distal end, characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    a cavity (14) which extends from an opening at the proximal end (13) along the longitudinal axis (11);
    a first locking hole (15) which extends transversely through the pin (1) dimensioned and shaped to receive a locking screw through it;
    a first insert (2), which is sized and shaped to be inserted into the cavity (14) and includes a first transverse hole (20) positioned so that, when the first insert (2) is in the desired position within the cavity ( 14), the first transverse hole (20) aligns with the first locking hole (15) so that a locking screw inserted through the first locking hole (15) passes through the first insert (2) through the first hole, where the first insert (2) is adapted and configured to firmly fix a locking screw to the intramedullary pin (1); and
    a second insert (3), which is sized and configured to be received inside the cavity (14) proximal to the first insert (2) to lock the first insert (2) in the desired position in the cavity (14),
    characterized by the fact that
    the first insert (2) includes an eccentric projection (25) configured to be received in an eccentric portion (10) of the cavity (14) correspondingly, thus forming an anti-rotation mechanism (6), which prevents the first insert (2) rotate in relation to the cavity (14) in the intramedullary pin (1).
    [0002]
    Intramedullary pin, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second insert (3) includes a central hole having a coupling mechanism configured to receive in an locked way an instrument that will be coupled to the pin.
    [0003]
    Intramedullary pin, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the outer diameter D of the first insert (2) is greater than the inner diameter d of the central hole in the second insert (3).
    [0004]
    Intramedullary pin, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first insert is made of an Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) material.
    [0005]
    Intramedullary pin, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second insert (3) includes an external thread around an external surface of the same, which engages an internal thread at a proximal end of the cavity (14).
    [0006]
    Intramedullary pin, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second insert (3) is fixed in the cavity of the intramedullary pin by a laser weld.
    [0007]
    Intramedullary pin, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the cavity (14) includes a stop that prevents the first insert from moving distally after it.
    [0008]
    Intramedullary pin system, characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    an intramedullary pin (1) according to claims 1 to 7; and
    a first locking screw sized and configured to be inserted through the first locking hole, passing through the first insert (2) through the first hole, the locking screw having a diameter greater than the diameter of the transverse hole of the first insert (2 ).
    [0009]
    Intramedullary pin system according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the second insert includes a central hole having a coupling mechanism configured to securely receive an instrument to be coupled to the pin.
    [0010]
    Intramedullary pin system, characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    an intramedullary pin (1) according to claims 1 to 7; and
    an anchor dimensioned and configured to be inserted through the locking hole that extends transversely through the intramedullary pin (1).
    [0011]
    Intramedullary pin system according to claim 8, characterized in that the intramedullary pin includes a second locking orifice that extends transversely through it.
    [0012]
    Method for mounting an intramedullary pin (1) before application to the patient, characterized by the fact that it comprises the steps of:
    insert a first insert (2) in the desired position into a cavity (14) of an intramedullary pin (1), the intramedullary pin (1) extending along a longitudinal axis from an end proximal to a distal end, the pin intramedullary (1) defining an opening at the proximal end, the cavity (14) extending from the opening towards the distal end of the pin along the longitudinal axis, the cavity having a proximal portion disposed at the proximal end, an eccentric portion that is distal to the proximal portion, and a distal portion that is distal to the eccentric portion, the eccentric portion of the cavity that defines a central axis of the eccentric portion, the central axis of the eccentric portion being displaced from the longitudinal axis, where the first insert extends between a proximal end of the insert and a distal end of the insert, the first insert including an eccentric projection extending distally from the distal end of the insert, the config projection urate to fit the eccentric portion in a complementary manner thereby forming an anti-rotation mechanism that prevents the first insert from rotating in relation to the cavity of the intramedullary pin (1) and a transverse hole arranged so that, when the insert is in the desired position within the cavity, the projection is inserted into the eccentric portion of the shaft cavity, and the transverse hole is aligned with the locking hole; and
    insert a second insert (3) into the cavity of the intramedullary pin, the second insert (3) sized and shaped to be received into the cavity, the second insert extending between a second proximal end of the insert and a second distal end of the insert, the second insert configured so that when the second insert is inserted into the cavity, the second distal end of the insert is adjacent to the proximal end of the insert of the first insert.
    [0013]
    Method according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that it still comprises the fixing of the second insert (3) inside the cavity by means of a laser weld.
    [0014]
    Intramedullary pin, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the proximal portion of the cavity (14) defines a first dimension of cross section and the eccentric portion of the cavity (14) defines a second dimension of cross section that is less than the first transversal dimension.
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-08-13| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-04-14| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-06-23| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 02/05/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US36293710P| true| 2010-07-09|2010-07-09|
    US61/362,937|2010-07-09|
    PCT/US2011/034784|WO2012005801A1|2010-07-09|2011-05-02|Intramedullary nail|
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